Information Architecture & Navigation Redesign

Rethinking the structure and navigation of a website with 42M pageviews a year and over 5,000+ live pages...in the midst of a rebrand and site redesign.
Project hero image of a desktop layout
Details
Project Length
3+ months, ongoing
Role
UX Architect, Project Lead
Collaboration
Development, IT, Key Product Owners & Stakeholders
Overview
Objectives
  • Restructure the site to improve findability & discoverability – measured through both qual. and quant. testing.
  • Reduce the number of pages to assist with maintainability & SEO.
  • Improve usability and accessibility for our users compared to the current state, especially those on mobile devices.
Approach

Utilize a design-thinking UX process to understand user needs and define the business objectives. Then, identify opportunities for improvement through data analysis, research, and benchmarking. Use those findings to help ideate and generate concepts – then, repeat a series of iterative tests to validate concepts before moving to stakeholder signoff and production.

Results
+28%
Improvement in successful task completions over the benchmark in tree testing
93%
Average task completion rate in hifi usability testing
Project timeline
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Current State

Inheriting Issues

The current site structure and navigation was inconsistent, confusing, and suffered from poor usability.
Image showing the current state of desktop and mobile navigation
Analyze & Benchmark

Analyze & benchmark current site

Objective: understand how the current site is structured & used by our current users; benchmark the findability of the current information architecture.

Using Google Analytics and a crawler to understand site structure

  • GA data was overlayed on various viewport experiences to understand how the current site structure is being used, which revealed the many entry points into the core product funnel and the lack of traffic to mobile child links.
  • The entirety of the site was crawled and imported into an airtable where I created parameters and algorithms to understand the value of pages based on pageviews, page value, SEO value, and bounce rate.
  • This revealed over 5k active pages on .com (but only about 1k pages that provide value to the organization) and a very flat hierarchy.
Project timeline

JTBD Framework

  • I worked with stakeholders to identify core business and user goals on the site.
  • From there, I translated these into the top fifteen jobs-to-be-done that we could test against going forward. While personas look at roles and attributes, jobs-to-be-done look at situations and motivations. Personas explain who people are and what people do, but they never fully explain why people do something.
  • By identifying the key jobs-to-be-done on our site, I was able to prioritize features and design elements that directly address those user needs through the structure of the information architecture and navigation.
A gif showing slides of Jobs-to-be-done

Utilizing a tree test to benchmark current site structure

First, I set up a tree test to understand the inherited state of navigability and findability of the current site.

Tree test with current results chart
Strategy & Planning

Collaborating with SME's to create an effective strategy

Objective: Collaborate with SEO SME’s to create a new IA strategy that fits our usability needs AND our SEO needs.​

Card sort to understand mental models

I performed an open card sort with 25 prospective users in order to understand how our target audience's domain knowledge is structured and create an IA model that matches users' expectations.

A card sort results graphic

Collaborated with SEO SME & built a preliminary structure

  • I partnered with SEO to develop an approach to our new site structure, where we landed upon a series of parent-child pages that create a true hierarchical tree structure that will benefit SEO, funnel strategies, and help users understand where they are on the site in relation to other pages.
  • Additionally, product category pages (or, parent pages) will be implemented in order to allow users to go as broad or narrow as they'd like.
A dendrogram showing the proposed site structure
Concept Generation & Validation

Concept Generation & Testing

Objective: Generate concepts for testing; validate proposed IA approach

Validating potential by using a tree test

  • I ran the tree test a second time with the new structure in order to compare it to the benchmark.
  • I also evaluated first-clicks and directness, or “happy paths” to understand whether or not users are finding the “correct answer” but still having to navigate to multiple areas before they are able to do so.
Another tree test results graphic showing charts and results

Competitive Analysis

  • A wide-ranging competitive analysis was performed where I reviewed competitive and analogous websites to benchmark ways to solve navigation requirements discovered throughout the design-thinking process​.
  • In this exercise, I realized there was a lot of opportunity to simplify and follow Jakob's law: “Users spend most of their time on other sites. This means that users prefer your site to work the same way as all the other sites they already know.”​
A screenshot of a miro board of a competitive analysis exercise

Early Mockups

My early mockups had to be brand-agnostic as the rebrand was kicking into high gear behind the scenes. Additionally, I wanted to validate the concepts and approach before applying high-fidelity time and resources to this project.

a desktop and mobile screenshot of mid fidelity wireframes

Usability Testing

  • The usability test aimed to compare the performance of two prototypes on both mobile and desktop devices.
  • The primary focus was to assess users’ ability to complete tasks by locating links within each navigation interface.​ We tested with 150 users across the 2 variants.​
  • Overall, both versions tested extremely well in the usability test, with version A having an avg. task completion rate of 93%.​
  • For mobile, Prototype A demonstrated a notable advantage in performance across the majority of tasks.
  • On Desktop, the performance was statistically very close between Prototypes A and B.
A graphic showing the results of the usability test
An image with bullet points listing key learnings and an image of a woman holding a phone
Concept Refinement

Concept Refinement and Retesting

Objective: Make improvements discovered in the previous rounds of testing and concept validation, while continuing to refine the concepts to be more pixel-perfect & development-handoff ready.
a mockup of the desktop navigation with a short description of the changes
A mockup of two mobile devices and a few icons and descriptions outlining changes

Retesting the refined mockups

After making the changes discovered in the lofi testing phase, I moved to higher-fidelity mockups and testing. I put the users through the same fifteen JTBD-based tasks as the previous tests. The results were outstanding - on desktop, users had an avg. task completion rate of 86%, while mobile performed even better at about 93% successful task completion.

A graphic showing the second round of usability testing results

Creating components

Since the recent usability tests confirmed that I had a viable concept to move forward with, I began to create tokenized components in figma. I worked closely with our developers to ensure the standardization of tokens as we were still in the early stages of establishing the new design system.

A quick mockup of a sample of components and styles in figma
A gif showing the new desktop navigation in action
A gif showing the new mobile navigation in action

Product category pages

  • The complexity and sheer number of options for 'product offerings' such as ways to give or ways to get involved meant that I needed to implement product category pages to act as homepages for a particular product.
  • This allowed a user to either go directly to a child page via the main navigation – or, they could browse the product category pages that provide more context and a more visual breakdown of the offerings within that particular category.
A desktop and mobile mockup overlaid on a dendrogram showing product category page mockups

Sponsorship category page exceptions

  • I chose to skip the product category page for our sponsorship 'product' as it felt like an unnecessary intermediary step for users to have to walk through.
  • Instead, I directed users directly to the listing page, while still offering a hybrid bento grid further down the page where users could explore certain areas more deeply if they chose to (progressive disclosure).
A mockup showing a few different layouts of the Sponsor a Child page mockup
A mockup showing a few callouts highlighting features of the mobile navigation menu
A Tablet mockup showing how the navigation on a medium viewport would function
A grid layout showing a series of the desktop navigation layouts
A desktop navigation mockup with a few key design elements highlighted with callouts
A desktop navigation mockup with a few key design elements highlighted with callouts
A desktop navigation mockup showing how the focused search function would work

Accessibility

  • One key area of improvement was ensuring that the new navigation was accessible.
  • We set a minimum target of level AA, but pursued level AAA conformance wherever possible.
  • This included but was not limited to color contrast ratios, font sizes, focus states and order, and aria labels.
A mockup showing the emphasis on accessibility when redesigning the navigation
Results & Next Steps

Prelim Results

This project is still a work in progress – but so far, the results are very promising.
+28%
Improvement in successful task completions over the benchmark in tree testing
93%
Average task completion rate in hifi usability testing

Next steps:

  • In Progress:
    • Build out and test the actual coded components with users to ensure they perform as expected; document in Figma and storybook.
    • Perform follow-up usability tests with coded components and staged sites to ensure successful findability and discoverability.
  • Future State:
    • Deploy the code to the live site while continuing to monitor through QuantumMetric, Google Analytics & close collaboration with Compassion's customer support team that know to elevate and quantify any issues that arise.
    • Then, iterate quickly to address issues or opportunities that are identified. The work is never "done!"